Which methodology is NOT associated with continuous improvement?

The approach of continuous improvement focuses on consistently enhancing processes, products, or services over time. The methodologies associated with this concept, such as Lean, Six Sigma, and Total Quality Management (TQM), all aim to identify inefficiencies, reduce waste, improve quality, and optimize overall performance.

Cost Leadership Strategy, on the other hand, is primarily a business-level strategy used to gain a competitive advantage by being the lowest-cost producer in the industry. This strategy does not inherently prioritize continuous improvement practices; instead, it focuses on maintaining low operational costs to achieve market dominance. While a business employing a cost leadership strategy may engage in continuous improvement to optimize costs, it is not a methodology focused solely on enhancing processes or quality, unlike Lean, Six Sigma, and TQM, which are directly tied to the principles of ongoing improvement.