Which body is responsible for overseeing data protection compliance in the UK?

The Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) is the key body responsible for overseeing data protection compliance in the UK. It operates independently and is tasked with upholding information rights, which includes enforcing data protection laws and ensuring that organizations handle personal data in accordance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Data Protection Act.

The ICO provides guidance to organizations about compliance, investigates complaints, and has the authority to impose fines or sanctions for breaches of data protection regulations. This oversight role is crucial in promoting transparency and accountability in data handling practices, ensuring that individuals' privacy rights are respected and protected.

In contrast, the other organizations mentioned have different areas of focus. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is responsible for workplace health and safety regulations, the Prosecution Service deals with criminal prosecutions, and the Equality Advisory Support Group provides advice on discrimination issues. Consequently, none of these bodies have the authority or mandate to oversee data protection issues, making the ICO the clear authority in this domain.