Which basic statistical techniques are commonly used in data research?

Mean, median, and standard deviation are fundamental statistical techniques widely used in data research to summarize and describe data sets. The mean provides the average value, giving an insight into the central tendency of the data. The median offers a measure that indicates the middle point of a data set, particularly useful when the data distribution is skewed. Standard deviation quantifies the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values, helping researchers understand how spread out the data points are in relation to the mean.

These measures are essential for analyzing and interpreting data, allowing researchers to draw conclusions and make inferences based on numerical summaries. They form the backbone of descriptive statistics, which is crucial for evaluating trends and patterns in data research. The other options, while relevant in various contexts, do not encapsulate the basic statistical techniques in the same foundational manner as the mean, median, and standard deviation.