What defines double-entry bookkeeping?

Double-entry bookkeeping is defined by the principle that every financial transaction affects at least two accounts, ensuring that the accounting equation (Assets = Liabilities + Equity) remains balanced. This system requires that for every debit entry made in one account, a corresponding credit entry is made in another account. This dual recording helps to maintain accuracy and provides a comprehensive view of a company’s financial position, facilitating the detection of errors and discrepancies.

In contrast, the other options reflect either limited or incorrect understandings of bookkeeping principles. Recording income only or tracking only one side of each transaction does not capture the full financial picture, leading to incomplete records. Likewise, merely recording expenses in a basic way fails to recognize the interrelationship of financial transactions that double-entry bookkeeping emphasizes. This comprehensive approach is essential for effective financial analysis and reporting, making the chosen definition reflect the foundational aspect of proper accounting practices.